01969nas a2200193   4500008004100000245008600041210006900127300001000196490000700206520131400213653001401527653003001541653002501571653001101596653003601607653001401643100001501657856010301672       2001                        eng d00aDevelopments in measurement of persons and items by means of item response models0 aDevelopments in measurement of persons and items by means of ite  a65-940 v283 aThis paper starts with a general introduction into measurement of hypothetical constructs typical of the social and behavioral sciences. After the stages ranging from theory through operationalization and item domain to preliminary test or questionnaire have been treated, the general assumptions of item response theory are discussed. The family of parametric item response models for dichotomous items is introduced and it is explained how parameters for respondents and items are estimated from the scores collected from a sample of respondents who took the test or questionnaire. Next, the family of nonparametric item response models is explained, followed by the 3 classes of item response models for polytomous item scores (e.g., rating scale scores). Then, to what degree the mean item score and the unweighted sum of item scores for persons are useful for measuring items and persons in the context of item response theory is discussed. Methods for fitting parametric and nonparametric models to data are briefly discussed. Finally, the main applications of item response models are discussed, which include equating and item banking, computerized and adaptive testing, research into differential item functioning, person fit research, and cognitive modeling. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2005 APA )10aCognitive10aComputer Assisted Testing10aItem Response Theory10aModels10aNonparametric Statistical Tests10aProcesses1 aSijtsma, K  uhttp://www.iacat.org/content/developments-measurement-persons-and-items-means-item-response-models00550nas a2200133   4500008004100000245012000041210006900161300001400230490000700244100001600251700001500267700001800282856011600300       1995                        eng d00aTheoretical results and item selection from multidimensional item bank in the Mokken IRT model for polytomous items0 aTheoretical results and item selection from multidimensional ite  a337–3520 v191 aHemker, B T1 aSijtsma, K1 aMolenaar, I W  uhttp://www.iacat.org/content/theoretical-results-and-item-selection-multidimensional-item-bank-mokken-irt-model