@article {250,
	title = {Incorporation of Content Balancing Requirements in Stratification Designs for Computerized Adaptive Testing},
	journal = {Educational and Psychological Measurement},
	volume = {63},
	number = {2},
	year = {2003},
	pages = {257-70},
	abstract = {Studied three stratification designs for computerized adaptive testing in conjunction with three well-developed content balancing methods. Simulation study results show substantial differences in item overlap rate and pool utilization among different methods. Recommends an optimal combination of stratification design and content balancing method. (SLD)},
	keywords = {computerized adaptive testing},
	author = {Leung, C-K.. and Chang, Hua-Hua and Hau, K-T.}
}
@article {55,
	title = {a-stratified multistage computerized adaptive testing with b blocking},
	journal = {Applied Psychological Measurement},
	volume = {25},
	number = {4},
	year = {2001},
	pages = {333-41},
	abstract = {Proposed a refinement, based on the stratification of items developed by D. Weiss (1973), of the computerized adaptive testing item selection procedure of H. Chang and Z. Ying (1999). Simulation studies using an item bank from the Graduate Record Examination show the benefits of the new procedure. (SLD)},
	keywords = {computerized adaptive testing},
	author = {Chang, Hua-Hua and Qian, J. and Yang, Z.}
}
@article {59,
	title = {a-stratified multistage computerized adaptive testing},
	journal = {Applied Psychological Measurement},
	volume = {23},
	number = {3},
	year = {1999},
	note = {Sage Publications, US},
	pages = {211-222},
	abstract = {For computerized adaptive tests (CAT) based on the three-parameter logistic mode it was found that administering items with low discrimination parameter (a) values early in the test and administering those with high a values later was advantageous; the skewness of item exposure distributions was reduced while efficiency was maintain in trait level estimation. Thus, a new multistage adaptive testing approach is proposed that factors a into the item selection process. In this approach, the items in the item bank are stratified into a number of levels based on their a values. The early stages of a test use items with lower as and later stages use items with higher as. At each stage, items are selected according to an optimization criterion from the corresponding level. Simulation studies were performed to compare a-stratified CATs with CATs based on the Sympson-Hetter method for controlling item exposure. Results indicated that this new strategy led to tests that were well-balanced, with respect to item exposure, and efficient. The a-stratified CATs achieved a lower average exposure rate than CATs based on Bayesian or information-based item selection and the Sympson-Hetter method. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2003 APA, all rights reserved).},
	keywords = {computerized adaptive testing},
	author = {Chang, Hua-Hua and Ying, Z.}
}
